Landscape operatives warned due to an increase of rabies in bats

Landscape operatives and other outdoor workers have been warned to take extra precautions following the recent increase in rabies cases in bats. The risk of contracting the virus is highly increased for those working outdoors, particularly in areas where bats are in proximity. As such, landscape operatives should ensure that they are aware of the risk of rabies and take precautionary measures to protect themselves. It is also important for them to be aware of the signs and symptoms of the virus so that they can seek medical help in case of infection.
 
Although highly unlikely, it is possible for a bat infected with rabies to pass the disease onto other mammals, including humans.  Landscape operations may require operatives to work in areas habited by bats (e.g. structures such as bridges adjacent to infrastructure soft-estate and mature trees) which warrants caution and awareness amongst managers and operatives. 
 
Cases of rabies in Great Britain are rare but occur each year, most recently in the south of England in coastal areas. During 2022, there have been 7 reported cases of rabies in bats, all of which were in Dorset or Kent, and most cases since 2018 were recorded in Kent, Somerset or Dorset. 
 
Rabies is present in the saliva of infected bats and usually spread by the bite of an infected bat.  The disease can also be spread if the saliva of an infected animal gets into open wounds or mucous membranes such as the nostrils, mouth and lips, eyelids and ears.
 
Symptoms of the disease in humans include:

• Anxiety, headaches and fever in the early stages
• Spasms of the swallowing muscles make it difficult or impossible to drink
• Breathing difficulties

There are vaccinations against rabies, and the disease can normally be prevented if treated soon after exposure.
 
To avoid all risks:

• Assume that all bats are possible carriers of rabies
• Avoid touching bats, living or dead, whenever possible

Operatives who are bitten or scratched by a bat must:

• Wash the wound or contact area with soap and water
• Disinfect the wound
• Contact a doctor immediately who will decide whether you need treatment

Further reading

Defra webpage
Public Health England guidance

Written by Owen Baker | Technical Officer